Title : Evaluation of antidiabetic potential of macrofungi extracts from Hericium erinaceus, Ganoderma lucidum, Coprinus Comatus by in vitro assay
Abstract:
Mushrooms produce plethora of bioactive molecules with health-promoting and therapeutic properties. Among a number of specious of mushrooms, particular attention has been focused on Hericium erinaceus (HE), Ganoderma lucidum (GL) and Coprinus comatus (CC). The fruiting bodies of these mushrooms contain a plethora of bioactive compounds, depending of the species. HE extracts exert anti-hypertensive, anti-hyperlipidaemic, anti-senescence, antibiotic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-fatigue, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and neuroprotective properties, as well as improvement of anxiety, cognitive functions, and depression. GL extracts give a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anti-tumour, immunomodulation, hepatoprotective, antioxidants, antimicrobial, anti-diabetes, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, neuroprotective activities. CL extracts have health-promoting properties: antioxidant, anticancer, antiandrogenic, hepatoprotective, acetylcholinesterase, inhibitory, anti-inflammatory,antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, and antinematode activity. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of mushroom extracts in terms of αglucosidase inhibition using the spectrophotometric method. The results were compered with the inhibitory potential of acarbose (Ac) at relevant concentrations. It was found that the highest antidiabetic potential through the mechanism of α-glucosidase inhibition (I) showed GL extract (MetOH/water) at concentration of 5.0% (w.w.) - 99.46% I, followed by GL extract (water after acid-base hydrolysis) – 39.25% I, and HE extract (MetOH/water) – 14.88% I; in comparison with Ac at 5% - 86.84% I. It is concluded that depending on the type of mushroom, its extraction method, and concentration, these mushrooms have significant antidiabetic potential through the mechanism of α-glucosidase inhibition that can be used for supporting glucose management in diabetes. However this observation warrants further confirmation in clinical trials.
