Title : The challenges and strategies of food security under global change
Abstract:
Food insecurity corresponds to a deficit in households’ access to appropriate food, either in quantity and/or quality, due to limited financial resources or other factors. The concept of nutrition insecurity is also gaining relevance due to lack of access to food that has the adequate nutritional value necessary for a good health status and well-being. Currently, the world faces troubling challenges that greatly impact food/nutritional security. One of the most worrying trends is an increase in the world’s population and the rising number of countries that are food importers owing to their inability to produce the food they need to feed their population. The World Population likely to rise from about 8 billion in 2025 to 10.5 billion by 2100. An increase in the world’s population brings the added challenge of feeding such a large number of people with the Earth’s limited resources. This is only possible with more efficient food production, more sustainable use of natural resources, and the minimization and reutilization of food and agricultural waste. Complying with efficient food production while minimizing environmental impacts is a major issue since the more environmentally friendly agricultural practices, such as organic farming and integrated protection, do not allow the production of food at the same rates as conventional intensive farming practices The concerns are the minimization of agricultural and food waste and its re utilization, which have been at the top of priorities of academics, farmers, industrials, and even consumers in attempts to minimize waste along the whole food supply chain and to find alternative ways to value foods that are discarded. One other challenge is related to the world’s food supply being strongly under pressure due to the combined effects of environmental degradation and climate change. Environmental degradation, Climate change has direct impacts on agriculture. Climate-induced drought reduces crop production and lowers yields, while warmer temperatures lead to a higher incidence of plant, livestock, diseases. Climate change is dislocating production in some regions, and this trend is expected to increase as the century progresses. Success can only be achieved through research, implementation, and collaboration in a global strategy to fight a common problem. Individualism, nationalism, and politics tend to encourage too much self-focus on one’s own success and are enemies of global perspectives and collaborative approaches.Food production, food trade, climate change, environmental degradation, food supply chains and distribution networks, waste management, governance, and food policies are all issues that will have a decisive role in the future of food security/insecurity.
