Title : Performance and Carcass quality of Broiler supplemented with Curcuma longa and Morinda Citrifolia Extracts
Abstract:
Consistent fulfillment of metabolic energy and protein content in poultry feed is essential for maintaining poultry performance. In Indonesia, the main source of metabolic energy content in poultry feed comes from corn, soybean meal and rice bran with a composition of 45-55%, 20-30% and 8-25%, respectively. Corn, soybean meal and rice bran in poultry feed are not only used as energy sources, but also provide protein intake. Based on Feedstuffs Ingredients Analysis (Batal and Dale, 2016), the metabolic energy and crude protein content in corn is 3373 kcal/kg and 7.5%; in soybean meal is 2240 kcal/ kg and 44.0%; and in bran is 2040 kcal/kg and 13.5%, respectively. The high demand of corn, both for food and poultry feed, as well as the high price of imported soybean meal, have increased the price of poultry feed. We have tested the content of metabolic energy and crude protein of more than 1,000 layer feed samples (end product and self-mixed feed) from various regions in Indonesia using Calorimeter and Kjehdahl methods during the period 2019 – 2021. The test results data showed that more than 50% of end product and self-mixed feeds had metabolic energy content of less than 2700 kcal/kg, where the average metabolic energy content in that group respectively was 2538.05 kcal/kg and 2524.91 kcal/kg, and the lowest metabolic energy content respectively was 2049.80 kcal/kg and 2030.53 kcal/kg. In addition, the results of crude protein content showed that more than 45% of final product and self-mixed feeds contained < 18% with an average crude protein content respectively was 16.75% and 16.45%, and the lowest crude protein content respectively was 11.22% and 7.25%. The low metabolic energy and crude protein content in layer feed can be influenced by several factors, including variations in the quality of feed raw materials, water content, varieties of plant sources and also handling of feed or feed raw materials. The increase in feed prices and relatively low feed quality are the latest challenges for the poultry industry in Indonesia. Besides the use of synthetic amino acid products in feed, comprehensive research related to the search for good, consistent and abundant sources of metabolic energy and crude protein in poultry feed is needed to overcome these challenges in order to maintain food security related to poultry products in Indonesia.
